Derby is an English city located on the banks of the Derwent River in the Derbyshire. It is the unitary authority area in the Derbyshire with a population of around 248,700 according to 2011 census. The status of the city was granted to the Derby in 1977 after the entitlement of all Saints Church as a Cathedral. The early settlement of the area can be found back to the Roman period. The small town in the Roman province of Britannia ‘Derventio’ was found by the Romans and Anglo-Saxons and Vikings supported the town in becoming the Five Boroughs of the Danelaw. The other four boroughs are Lincoln, Stamford, Nottingham and Leicester. Later on, Derby along with Leicester, Nottingham and Lincoln became the county towns of the United Kingdom. The city comprises the southernmost area of the World Heritage Site of the Derwent Valley Mills.
The town remained as a market town for long period till industrialisation and also recognised as the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution. The economy of the town grew rapidly in the industrial era. The railway was introduced in the city in the 19th century and it became the significant centre of the British rail industry. The largest aero engine manufacturer Rolls Royce is based in the city. The city also serves as a principal centre for advanced transport manufacturing and houses the large train manufacturer of the country, Derby Litchurch Lane Works.
History
The old Roman fort served major site for the Roman camp of Derventio. The town was one of the fortified towns of the country, later on, it was occupied by Lady of Mercia and adjoined into the Kingdom of Mercia. It has been suggested that the name of the city is derived from the Deoraby meaning village of the Deer. Some stated that the name is borrowed from the Danish words for meaning deer settlement, while others claim that the name comes from the Derwent river meaning a valley thick with oaks. The early history of the city depicted that the Anglo-Saxons and Vikings communities were probably existed together and enclosed two parts of land surrounded by water.
The town was protected by the Parliamentary troops during the period of the Civil War in the 16th century and these troops contributed towards many battles and other engagements in the surrounding towns such as Nottinghamshire and Cheshire. John Lombe built the first water powered silk mill in the city in 1717. The notable residents of the town in the 18th century are John Whitehurst, Charles Darwin and Joseph Wright, contributed in the fields of paintings, philosophy, doctor and scientist. The Normanton Barracks were constructed in the city in 1877 to accommodate permanent military presence.
The Local Government Act, 1888 transformed the Derby and it became county borough included the rural districts of South East Derbyshire resulted in the substantial rise in population from 132,408 to 219,578 in 1971. The economy of the city flourished with the arrival of car and aircraft factory city by Rolls Royce in the early 19th century. The city was attacked by German bombers during the both World Wars but faced comparatively little damage despite the presence of the rail and aero-engine industries. The city has also become a major cultural centre for the deaf community uses sign language in Britain.
Education
The city follows two-tier education system includes non-selective primary and secondary schools. There are fifteen secondary schools, three independent schools and four special needs establishments. For further education, the city is served by the University of Derby located on the Kedleston Road.
Landmarks
The famous places to visit in the city include Darley Abbey, Derby Canal, Derby Industrial Museum, Derby Cathedral, St Mary’s Church, Derby Museum and Art Gallery, River Derwent, Royal Crown Derby Museum, Cathedral Quarter, Derby Arboretum and much more exciting locations.
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